A successful logistics business, you must have a larger scale of operations, the establishment of effective regional coverage, with a strong command and control centers, both a high level of integrated technology, financial resources and business strategy. The past two years, different areas, different nature, different sizes competing companies have engaged in logistics. However, as soon as possible whether all these companies can successfully transition to logistics companies, and can get huge yield? Let's look at the business structure, mode of operation and profitability former world top 10 logistics enterprises, in order to have implications for logistics enterprises in China. Business Structure 1, UPS Business Profile: UPS is the world's largest courier agency, the world's largest package delivery company and a leading specialized transportation and logistics service providers in the world. Every weekday, the company is 1.8 million customers to send parcels, the number of recipients of up to 6 million. The company's main business is in the United States and throughout the other more than 200 countries and regions. The company has established a large-scale, high reliability global transport infrastructure, the development of a comprehensive, competitive and guaranteed portfolio of services, and continue to use advanced technology to support these services. The company provides logistics services, including integrated supply chain management. Business Distribution: Revenue UPS mode of transport according to divide the region and presents a different distribution characteristics. From a regional perspective, the United States domestic business 89% of total revenue, Europe and Asia accounted for 11%. From a transportation point of view, domestic land transport accounted for 54%, accounting for 19% of domestic air transport, domestic transport accounts for 10% delay, external transport accounted for 9%, non-parcel business accounted for 4%. 

News: January 10, 2001, UPS to issue new shares worth $ 433 million to acquire the company's California Fritz logistics company, and the company is incorporated UPS continues to expand into the logistics business, making it more massive transportation Group. November 28, 2000, UPS will fly around the world from its weekly three times to five times to cope with the growing number of cross-border transport operations. UPS total cargo transported on this route grew 200,000 pounds a day. 

2, FedEX Business Profile: FedEX company formerly known as FDX Corporation, is a global transportation, logistics, e-commerce and supply chain management services provider. The company through an independent network of subsidiaries, to provide customers with integrated business solutions. Its subsidiaries include FedEXExpress (business courier services), FedEXGround (business packaging and ground delivery services), FedEXCustomCritical (operating high-speed transport delivery service), FedEXGlobal (operating integrated logistics, technology and transportation services) and VikingFreight (western United States small transport company). Business Distribution: From a regional perspective, 76% of total revenue American business, international business accounted for 24%. From a transportation point of view, 83% of total revenue of air operations, highways accounted for 11%, other 6%. 

News: January 11, 2001, according to a $ 6.3 billion contract to generate revenue, FedEX will ship special courier and express mail for the United States Postal Service systems among the airport. Within the next 18 months, FedEX will pay 126 million to 132 million U.S. dollars given to the post office, as the cost of setting up the inbox in 10,000 post offices and set up right in your inbox retain the remaining 38,000 post offices. The move will enable the company about $ 900 million in new revenue. December 29, 2000, FedEX announced plans in accordance with the price of $ 28.13 per share to acquire the company AmericanFreightways 1638 shares, in order to realize the promise of the company to acquire its 50.1% stake initially proposed. 

3, Deutsche Post World Net (DeutschePostWorldNet) 

Business Profile: Deutsche Post is the national post office in Germany, is Europe's leading logistics companies, and focused on becoming the world's first. Recently replaced the brand (renamed DertschePostWorldNet, referred DPWN). On the one hand to prepare for the listed trading, on the other hand is also aware of the impact of the growing importance of the global nature of its business and e-commerce. DPWN is divided into four independent operating divisions, namely postal services, logistics, courier and financial services. Post issued by the postal department, consisting of direct marketing and publications services, has the highest level of job network, from all over Germany, 83 standardized sorting centers, and increasing emphasis on high-growth market for direct sales. Courier sector covering European and global express business by EuroExpressGermany postal and international postal services sector EuroExpressEurope's; through DHL (Deutsche Post World Net has its 25% stake) in cooperation to provide global services. 

Danzas through several acquisitions the company under the brand, in 1999 established a logistics department. The department provides one-stop service, and to provide all aspects of the entire logistics chain services. Services include global aviation, shipping, European land transport services and customized logistics solutions. 

Meanwhile, the financial services offered by Postbank in January 1999 became a wholly owned subsidiary. In the January 2000 acquisition of DSL Bank (the Bank is a skilled private and commercial building loans), to provide multi-channel banking services to private and commercial customers. Business Structure and Distribution: From net income of view, DPWN's four business postal, courier, logistics and finance accounted for 49%, 21%, 18% and 12% respectively. Especially for logistics business in terms of geographical distribution (from the net to see), the other in Germany, France, Italy and European countries accounted for 23%, respectively, 17%, 8% and 23%, Scandinavia, the Americas , Far East, Australia accounted for 12%, 11% and 6% respectively. 

News: January 2001, the German Government to formulate new legislation, new laws for the postal sector will allow the country to sell a majority stake in its holdings in Deutsche Post. November 2000, the German economy minister said the government will not follow the original plan by the end of 2002 ended in complete monopoly DeutschePost. Meanwhile Deutsche Post intends to stake in DHLInternational increased from 50% to 75%. 4, Maersk / A.P.Moeller 

MaerskSealand is the world's largest shipping company, owns 250 vessels, including container ships, bulk cargo ships, supply and special purpose ships, oil tankers, etc. The group also has a large loading dock, and the provision of logistics services. Moeller's subsidiary company is also Norway, Venezuela and other countries for oil and gas drilling. In addition, the Group is also engaged in the manufacture of ships and intermodal container, pharmaceutical production, and operates a domestic airline MaerskAir and provide information services. In addition, the company also has the second largest supermarket chain in Denmark. 

5, NipponExpress (day pass) 

Nippon Express's business is divided into motor transport, air transport, storage and other, accounting for 44%, 16%, 5% and 25%. From the geographical point of view, there are 93% of its operating revenue from Japan. Its customers are mainly distributed in the electronics, chemical, automotive, retail and technology sectors. 

 6, Ryder 

Business Profile: Ryder Systems, Inc. offers a range of leading-edge logistics, supply chain and transportation management services worldwide. The company offers a range of products, including a full-service maintenance and integration services leasing, commercial leasing, motor vehicle. It also provides comprehensive supply chain solutions, cutting-edge logistics management services and e-commerce solutions, from input raw material supply to product delivery, dedicated to support customers' entire supply chain. 

Business Distribution: From a regional perspective, 82% of total revenue American business, international business accounted for 18%. From the business sector, the transportation services accounted for 57%, logistics accounted for 32%, other 11%. 

News: November 20, 2000, Ryder Systems, Inc. and Toyota (America), Inc. and its Japanese parent company Toyota Group jointly set up a joint venture called TTR logistics company. The new entity holding shares of the same company by Ryder and Toyota, will focus attention and Toyota and other Japanese car companies in North America related to the transport and logistics business opportunities. November 14, 2000, Ryder companies and From2GlobalSolutions company (one of the main suppliers of the world's leading international logistics company technology and trade intelligence) announced a strategic alliance. Ryder Systems Inc. will use From2's solutions provide specific services to its customers in international trade via the Internet. 

7, TNTPostGroup 

Business Profile: TPG providing postal, courier and logistics services in more than 200 countries and regions, and has Postkantoren (Dutch post offices operating agency) 50% of the shares. TPG use TNT brand offers courier services to send and logistics (TNT's logistics business mainly in the automotive, high-tech and pan-European areas), its existing 137 warehouse logistics field, a total area of ​​1.55 million square meters. 

Business division and distribution: by business type look, TPG's three business mail, express and logistics (net income) accounted for 42%, 41% and 17% respectively, while the performance from the geographical point of view (net), Europe accounted for 85 %, Australia, North America, Asia and other regions accounted for 6%, 4%, 2%, 3%. If the operating profit, the postal, courier and logistics accounted for 76%, 15% and 9% respectively. 

News: January 2001, TNTLoop efulfilment obtain a contract from YamahaMotorEurope hands. TNT will provide the Japan Automobile Manufacturers online store to provide "Back-End" service, including handling, storage and sent. December 2000, CtilLogistix and TNTLogitics North America were merged to become the seventh largest logistics companies in North America. November 2000, TPG chose Vivaldi Software as a global customer relationship management system to monitor and improve the sales activities and manage customer service operations. October 2000, TPG and Shanghai Automotive Industry jointly build third-party logistics joint venture. This joint venture worth $ 30 million for TPG opened the door to the Chinese automotive logistics market. 

8, Expeditors 

Business Profile: The company registered in the United States, is a provider of global logistics services company, to provide customers a seamless international network to support transport and strategic placement of goods. The company's services include air and ocean (fight cargo service) and freight forwarding business. In each office, and many overseas offices in the United States to provide customs clearance services, also provide, including distribution management, fight cargo, cargo insurance, order management and customer-centric logistics information services. 

Business Distribution: From the point of view of business types, mainly in air transport, maritime transport and freight forwarding, in accordance with the revenue division accounted for 63%, 25% and 12%. The terms of regional distribution, mainly in the Far East, accounting for 56% of income in the United States, Europe and the Middle East, South America, Australia accounted for 25%, 15%, 2%, 1%. 

9, Panalpina 

Business Profile: Panalpina is one of the largest freight and logistics groups in the world, with 312 offices in 65 countries and regions. Panalpina's core business is the integrated transport services, providing integrated services for customer solutions. Through the integration of freight services, positioning itself between the standardized transport solutions and traditional shipping company. In addition to handling traditional freight, the group also specializes in providing logistics services to multinational companies, especially in the automotive, electronics, telecommunications, petroleum and energy, chemicals and other areas of the company. 

AirSeaBroker Panalpina Group is a global freight "wholesaler", but it also coordinate regular contact Panalpina Group's maritime systems around the world, while also providing new services for combined transport. AirSeaBroker under three business units: Marine Department, West Africa Department, charter and heavy lifting at. 

Swissglobalcargo is a joint venture company Panalpina and Sairlogistics established in July 1999, which is the world's leading provider of fully integrated, door to door, time-limited guarantees, no weight limit air cargo companies. 

Business division and distribution: from the total profit point of view, namely four business Panalpina's air, sea, logistics and other 44.9%, respectively 31.3%, 20.3% and 3.5%. And in the geographical distribution of the Europe / Africa accounted for 52.7%, the Americas accounted for 33.9%, Asia-Pacific accounted for 13.4%. 

News: December 2000, creating a customer-centric "e-commerce" platform, which aims to connect all of its freight and logistics operations operational phase. This "electronic network" provides an "integrated system", the system is connected to the Panalpina both internal equipment, but also to provide customers connected to an external electronic platform. 

10, Exel 

Business Profile: July 26, 2000, with NFC combined company after OceanGroup renamed "Exel". Exel is divided into five business units :( consumer / retail / medical) Europe Division, (consumer / retail / medical) Americas Division, Development and Automation, technology and global management department as well as the Asia-Pacific Department. The company's global outlets to 1300, more than 50,000 employees. The company currently three main operating subsidiary of Exel (old NFC), Msas global logistics company and CoryEnvironmental. Msas is one of the world's largest freight forwarding, multimodal transport on a global scale, regional distribution, inventory control services, value-added logistics, IT and supply chain solutions. CoryEnvironmental is one of the UK's largest waste disposal companies. Exel Supply Chain occupies the ground transportation services a strong market position, the services provided include warehousing and distribution, transportation management services, customer-centric service, JIT service and global aftermarket logistics services. 

Business Distribution: From the point of view of business types, Exel mainly in distribution, transportation management and environmental services in three areas, according to the net division accounted for 58%, 39% and 3%, respectively, according to division operating profit accounted for 62%, respectively, 28 %, 10%. Geographically, the business is mainly concentrated in the UK and Ireland, and throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia Pacific and Africa continent, according to the division accounted for 39% of net income, respectively, 30%, 21% and 10%, according to the operating profit divided accounted for 54%, 27%​​, 10% and 9% respectively. 

News: January 2001, Exel was selected to manage Motorola in the United States, Europe and Asia semiconductor products and distribution. The contract is valued at approximately 134 million pounds. Simultaneously with the MercedesBenzEspana signed 10-year contract to provide supply chain services. Exel Automotive Division has won a seven-year contract, the French Sandouvilielear company provides supply chain management services. December 2000, Exel acquisition of Total Logistics, Inc. (headquartered in Australia and New Zealand regional supply chain management company, specializing in the more than 30 major pharmaceutical and healthcare companies to provide supply chain management services). In October, Exel and UPS together to create a supply network for the Ford Motor Company, and Ford Motor Company in the supply chain demand in Europe for large-scale transformation. 

Summary of world's top 10 logistics companies, we found that exhibit the following four characteristics: 

An American logistics companies dominate. The world's top 10 logistics enterprises in the United States occupies five, including two of the largest companies UPS and FedEX, while the proceeds of this five and the top 10 companies account for two-thirds of earnings, showing that the U.S. logistics companies in the world holds an important position. In a sense, is proportional to the level of development of the logistics market and the degree of economic development. 

2,10 big success logistics enterprises, by air, express delivery, ground transportation and other services as the main background of the company majority. Such as UPS's land and air operations accounted for 54% and 19%, respectively, air and road transport operations FedEX accounted for 83% and 11%, respectively, trucks and Nippon Express air operations accounted for 44% and 16%, respectively, TNT postal and courier business accounted for 42% and 41%, respectively, Panalpina's air and maritime operations accounted for 45% and 31% respectively. 

3, the business of high degree of centralization of regional (ie, high degree of localization). Such as UPS U.S. domestic business accounted for 89 percent of the entire business, FedEX American domestic business accounted for 76%, DPWN's European operations accounted for more than 70% of the total business, TNT operations in Europe accounted for 85% of its total business, Japan Express localization reached 93%. 

4,10 largest logistics companies in the vast majority of asset-intensive companies, mostly owned logistics facilities and networks. 

So from a business structure, in the march of modern logistics industry, Zhu Lu army, with express, air express business background, such as a comprehensive enterprise will have great potential. 

Mode of operation 

At present, most of the world's largest logistics company head office and branch system to take, take headquarters centralized logistics operation, the implementation of vertical business management, in fact, integrated management model (only one command center, others are operating point). From a practical perspective, modern logistics needs a unified command center, mode of operation of multiple operations centers. Because effective control of modern logistics guarantee. Judging from the content of the logistics business, each of the elements is not complicated, but the whole process of coordination of services must establish an efficient and authoritative organization system, to control the logistics operations of the implementation status and future, and to timely and effective treatment Cohesion various difficult problems and emergencies. That needs to have a strong, commanding a very spiritual control center for the entire logistics operations control and coordination. Various interfaces and a variety of decisions must be linked together to create an operating system. If all departments stressed that he is a profit center, always consider the costs and maximize profits linked to such external offer is certainly no competition. So engaged in the logistics business, while assuming full service, only one profit center, various other institutions, each department should be cost centers, profit centers all obey the command, all for profit center services, all in the best interests of the profit center for their own interests. 

It can be said without a strong command center and the internal operation of the network of organic connection, is not to engage in the true sense of the logistics. Truly modern logistics must be a command center, in the form of a profit center, business organization, framework, institutional, etc. must be consistent with a center. On the one hand, requires resolute obedience Division Headquarters, a high degree of control on the branch, division specialized in the work done, process standardization. On the other hand, must have a strong command headquarters, design capabilities, a high degree of accuracy on the market to grasp and control the risks. Made to achieve this, is inseparable from the rapid reaction capability of the market, must be based on information, the network overtaken guarantee. In the management and operation of modern logistics, information technology and information network plays a very important role, and even that is the core competitiveness of the company's image and logo. Therefore, a large professional logistics companies typically have operations management systems, quality assurance systems, information management systems and customer management systems. 

Profit model 

By analyzing the logistics former world top 10, we found that non-asset based logistics company's profitability is clearly stronger than the asset-based logistics company, but the core business is a competitive logistics management, also known as supply chain management. Which logistics design, control, organization, coordination is its competitive basis. Representative competition means there are: attention logistics solutions design; strictly enforce uniform service standards in service operations; adhere to strict quality management system; to IT and logistics information network throughout the entire service process. 

Secondly, we found that 10 major success of logistics enterprises, by air, express delivery, ground transportation and other services as the main background of the company mostly, but also large scale, strong profitability, and that the time-sensitive transportation services and strong growth in the logistics industry, a large space, promising. Again, despite the non-asset based logistics company profits quickly, but before the world's top 10 logistics asset based logistics company is still in the majority, especially both have a lot of logistics facilities, networks, but also has a strong design capability Total Logistics hybrid company maximum space for development. 

In recent years, large logistics companies in order to expand their business, increase profits, have taken the following means: 

1, through consolidation or merger, into a variety of transport operations, increase profits 

Throughout the world top 10 logistics companies are able to provide a number of transportation services, and joint or mergers in some industries and logistics-related or a new field, in order to consolidate or conquer new markets, so as to achieve increased profits, win customers purposes. 

UPS is important to keep existing customers on the basis of cooperation and customers continue to expand their business scope, and focus on developing market with great potential. Expand the field of logistics services, such as spare parts, involving the assembly from the computer to the global economy almost all automobile manufacturing and other industries. The company a few years ago with Toyota, Honda, Chrysler and other companies to establish a link, and recently with the Ford Motor Company form strategic alliances, supply chain re-engineering, transportation network management, service parts logistics, and for automotive manufacturers and suppliers provide technical solutions and other services. Recently, UPS separately acquired a French FinonSofecom spare parts logistics service providers in Asia and Latin America as well as two logistics companies, to carry spare parts logistics services, but also to establish the infrastructure of the future spare parts logistics service network in the world. Beginning of the company and the United States added a semiconductor company, a joint global distribution center in Singapore. The company currently has about 140 warehouses and storage facilities outside the United States. Alone business in the next seven years, its revenue will be more than one billion U.S. dollars. 

FedEX to develop the Chinese market, currently serves 190 cities throughout China, there are flights to Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen Airport, the construction of China's largest express mail processing center in Shanghai. 

Deutsche Post Group for the last two years to $ 5 billion acquisition of Swiss freight forwarding company Danzas AEI and freight forwarders in North America, after consolidation, turnover increased significantly, reaching 8.3 billion euros, an increase of 86% over the previous year. The company is also in the international courier company DHL stake from 25% to 51%, and is ready in the next two years in this share increased to 73% again. 

TNT and SmartParcel company reached an agreement to provide a new Internet-based courier service in Europe for German customers. 

Exel and Amey Rail maintenance company signed a contract worth 20 million pounds, Amey will all Exel Logistics business to manage. Exel recently to $ 331 million purchase of a logistics company United States, the company provides logistics and freight forwarding services to the automotive industry, the acquisition will strengthen Exel business in North America. The company in North America last year, turnover rose by 53%, amounting to £ 1.5 billion, operating profit amounted to 56.3 million pounds, an increase of 43.3%. 

2, the re-integration of business processes to achieve optimal allocation of resources 

Modern logistics is a much broader concept, which includes e-commerce and a range of related services, the establishment of call centers, websites, transaction systems, as well as raw materials procurement, order fulfillment, transportation management and other operations. Currently these 10 companies have "first-class network", which orders the flow of information, resources, global supply chain network users worldwide network of resources, computer information network. You can make more than two-fold increase storage utilization. 

3, to provide quality and personalized service. 

The biggest advantage of TNT and SmartParcel company agreement is "tailored." Customers can use the computer or with a WAP-enabled mobile phones to decide when the parcel reach the destination, and the parcel sent, the information is automatically fed back to the customer specified computer or mobile phone. 

In short, the former world top 10 logistics has many advantages in the business structure, mode of operation, profit model, worthy of our careful study, analysis, worthy of our Chinese logistics enterprises are restructuring or upgrading to logistics companies learn from. In particular, the success of these famous logistics enterprises, such as with the larger scale of operations, the establishment of effective regional coverage, with the ability to command strong, strong ability to control the management, with a high level of integrated technology, financial resources and business strategy, etc. and so on, very worthy of large logistics companies (or large-scale logistics enterprises to enter the enterprise)